Preparing for surgery: What older adults need to know

Undergoing surgery can feel overwhelming, especially for older adults. Whether it’s a planned procedure or something more urgent, understanding what to expect and how to prepare can help alleviate some stress. Preparation involves getting ready for the physical aspects of surgery and managing emotional and mental well-being. Here’s a guide to help older adults and their caregivers navigate the process smoothly.

Why surgery preparation is important for older adults

As we age, our bodies take longer to recover, and we may have existing health conditions that can make surgery riskier. By planning and working with your health care team, you can set yourself up for a safer recovery.

Steps to take before surgery

1. Talk with your physician

Schedule a meeting with your physician and surgeon to discuss the surgery. Make sure you understand what the procedure involves, the potential risks and the expected recovery time. Share your medical history, current medications and any questions or concerns you may have.

2. Complete necessary testing

Your physician may order tests such as blood work, heart and lung exams or imaging tests. These tests help ensure your body is ready for surgery and help the care team create a plan for your safety.

3. Adjust medications

Following your physician’s guidance is essential when preparing for surgery. They will advise you if certain medications, like blood thinners or supplements, need to be paused to help reduce risks during the procedure.

4. Get active before surgery

If cleared by your physician, engage in light physical activity leading up to your surgery. Staying active can improve your strength and stamina, helping you recover more quickly afterward. Low-impact exercises like walking, stretching or water aerobics can help improve blood flow and maintain muscle mass.

5. Prepare your home for recovery

Preparing your living space for post-surgery recovery is essential, especially if the surgery involves limited mobility. Make sure essentials are within reach and consider setting up a recovery space on the main floor to avoid using stairs. Items like grab bars and a shower chair can make moving around safer and more comfortable after surgery.

Create a support system

After surgery, you might need help with daily tasks like bathing, dressing or cooking. Make plans for a family member, friend or caregiver to support you in the first few weeks at home. If you live alone, talk to your health care provider about using home health services.

Staying safe at home

Once you’re home, following your physician’s instructions is key to a smooth recovery. Your home health team can help by monitoring your progress, managing your medications and keeping your physician updated on any changes in your condition. They can also provide physical therapy to help you regain strength and occupational therapy to improve independent activities like getting dressed or using the bathroom.

Home health nurses play an important role in recovery, too. They can help prevent infection by checking your surgical site and educating you on signs to watch for. They’ll also guide you on what to do if you experience any symptoms and teach you how to safely manage your recovery.

Lowering the risk of hospital readmissions

Many older adults risk being readmitted to the hospital after surgery. Reasons can include falls, confusion over medication or not recognizing signs of infection. Home health care can help prevent these issues by educating you on what to expect, monitoring your condition and maintaining communication with your health care team. With the right preparation and support, older adults can recover from surgery more safely and avoid unnecessary hospital visits. Home health care helps make sure you’re getting the care you need when it matters most.